# Propagation

### Explanation of question 25

During summer periods, high ionisation can occur in the

1. D-layer - known as ‘sporadic D’
2. B-layer - known as ‘sporadic B’
3. F-layer - known as ‘sporadic F’
4. troposphere - known as ‘tropospheric shift’

The answer is :- 2 During summer periods, high ionisation (sporadic E) can occur in the E-layer.

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