===========================================================================
|       Pentium(R) Pro Processor BIOS Update Utility Help File            |
|                           v2.0  Sept 1996                               |
|                   Copyright 1995-6, Intel Corporation.                  |
|                                                                         |
|                            TABLE OF CONTENTS                            |
|                   1) INTRODUCTION                                       |
|                   2) BIOS UPDATE OVERVIEW                               |
|                   3) USING THE BIOS UPDATE UTILITY                      |
|                   4) ERROR MESSAGES                                     |
|                   5) LEGAL NOTICE                                       |
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1) INTRODUCTION

This document is written for professional system integrators building PCs 
from industry accepted motherboards, chassis, and peripherals. It summarizes 
use of the BIOS Update Utility needed to successfully integrate Pentium(R) 
Pro processor-based PCs. The information in this document applies to PCs 
assembled using Boxed Pentium Pro processors. The term "Boxed Pentium Pro 
processors" refers to processors packaged for use by system integrators.


2) BIOS UPDATE OVERVIEW 

BIOS code on Pentium Pro processor-based motherboards contains data that 
is specific to each silicon stepping (revision) of the processor. 
Integrators must ensure this BIOS Update data matches the processor 
stepping used. When the BIOS does not contain BIOS Update data that 
matches the processor stepping, integrators must upgrade this data in 
the BIOS before shipping the system. Historically, Pentium Pro systems 
have been upgraded by replacing the entire BIOS with a new revision 
of BIOS that contains the newest BIOS Update for the processor.

Intel has worked closely with  BIOS developers to implement a BIOS Update 
Applications Programming Interface (API), which allows just the Pentium  
Pro processor BIOS Update data within the BIOS to be updated as needed. 
Motherboards that contain a BIOS with the Intel-defined BIOS Update API 
can be quickly and easily updated, if required, without the need to 
obtain a completely new BIOS upgrade. 

Table 1 contains the current BIOS Update revision for each processor 
stepping. These BIOS Update revisions are contained in the BIOS Update 
database file, which comes with the Pentium Pro BIOS Update Utility.

					Table 1.  
	Processor Steppings (revisions) and BIOS Update revisions 
	supported by the BIOS Update database file PEP1.PDB
		
		    Processor Stepping    BIOS Update Rev    
				0x612               0xC5                
				0x616               0xC5                
				0x617               0xC5                

Using this utility, and the information in Table 1, integrators can 
easily verify that the correct BIOS Update is present in all Pentium 
Pro processor-based motherboards (even those without the API). Refer  
to the examples below for information on determining the processor
stepping and BIOS Update revision contained in the motherboard. If 
the BIOS Update requires updating, the motherboard BIOS must contain 
the Intel-defined BIOS update API, otherwise a complete BIOS upgrade is 
required from the motherboard vendor. 


3) USING THE BIOS UPDATE UTILITY

This Pentium Pro processor BIOS Update utility, and it's associated 
files, are typically distributed in the self-extracting archive file 
BUP_UTIL.EXE, which includes the files listed below. Copy these
files onto a DOS bootable diskette and boot from this
diskette.

	1) CHECKUP.EXE --  DOS application to check the presence of a              
			valid BIOS Update loaded into the processor by the BIOS. 
			This utility also updates the BIOS Update, as 
			required, in motherboards containing a BIOS that 
			supports the Intel-defined BIOS Update API.
	2) PEPx.PDB    --  BIOS Update database file, where "x" is 
			the revision number. This file will updated as required 
			when a new BIOS Update is released. 
	3) CHECKUP.HLP -- ASCII text help file that can be viewed from 
			CHECKUP.EXE, or by using any ASCII text viewer.
	
CHECKUP.EXE will create the following files in the present working 
directory:
	
	4) LASTUP.PDB  -- ASCII file created by CHECKUP.EXE to store the
			name of the BIOS Update database file that was most 
			recently used.
	5) STATUS.LOG  -- ASCII file that contains the messages that 
			were printed to the screen during the most recent 
			update session.


COMMANDS/OPTIONS:

Before using the utility, ensure that any jumper settings on the 
motherboard are placed in the "Flash update" position to enable writing  
to the flash memory. After performing a successful BIOS Update, be 
sure to return all jumpers to their orginal setting.
To invoke the utility, at the DOS prompt type the command line:

			CHECKUP <CR>

The main menu should now be displayed, showing the following four 
options available:

	1)  Check and load update
	2)  Specify BIOS Update database file [current: pepx.pdb]
	3)  Help
	4)  Quit without loading update


SPECIFY UPDATE DATABASE:

Option #2 allows the BIOS Update database file to be specified. The 
target BIOS Update database file needs to be specified any time a 
new BIOS Update database file is obtained. Only one version of the
BIOS Update database file will be the most current at any point in 
time. The most current BIOS Update database file contains data for 
all Pentium Pro processors that are in production. These files are 
named using the format PEPx.PDB, where the most current database  
file has the largest value of "x".

CHECK AND LOAD UPDATE (Example with Update API not present in the BIOS):

For motherboards with a BIOS that DOES NOT have the Intel-defined BIOS 
update API, option #1 can be used to determine that the BIOS loads the 
latest BIOS Update into the processor. The utility will display the 
boot-strap processor Family, Model and Stepping. These three values 
combine to form the processor signature (Example: Family=6, Model=1, 
Stepping=6 becomes a processor signature = 616). Next, an indication 
that the API does or does not exist will be displayed, followed by 
the revision of the BIOS Update loaded into the processor by the BIOS.

 (Typical example with API NOT present in BIOS, but no update required)

	INFO: Boot processor Family=6, Model=1, Stepping=6
	INFO: BIOS Update API not present
	INFO: BIOS Update revision loaded by the BIOS is C5
		 If this is not the latest revision, a BIOS upgrade from 
		 the motherboard vendor is required
	INFO: No changes made to the BIOS.

The above example indicates that processor has been loaded with BIOS 
Update revision "C5", which is the most current revision for a "616" 
revision processor, as indicated in Table 1. No further action is 
required. If, for example, the BIOS Update revision number was 
smaller (older) than the current revision in Table 1, an upgraded 
BIOS containing the most current Pentium Pro processor BIOS Update 
would be required from the motherboard vendor.
 

CHECK AND LOAD UPDATE (Examples where update API is present in the BIOS)

For motherboards with a BIOS that DOES have the Intel-defined BIOS 
update API, option #1 can be used to determine that the BIOS has 
loaded the latest BIOS Update into the processor and update it 
if required. The utility will display the boot-strap processor 
stepping and revision of the BIOS Update loaded into the processor, 
if one is present. Next, an indication that the API does or does not 
exist will be displayed. Since the BIOS contains the API in these 
examples, the BIOS update utility and the API automatically determine 
if the BIOS Update contained in the BIOS should be updated from the 
BIOS Update database file. 

(Typical example where BIOS contains API, but no update required)

	INFO: Boot processor Family=6, Model=1, Stepping=6
	INFO: BIOS Update API present
	INFO: BIOS Update revision loaded by the BIOS is C5,
	INFO: Building list of all processors in system
	INFO: Detected 1 unique processor(s) 
	INFO: For processor with signature = 616 
	INFO: 256K L2 Cache present
	INFO: All Pentium(R) Pro Processors present can be updated
	INFO: 1 update(s) found for processors in system
	INFO: Checking processor with signature 616:
	INFO: The BIOS already contains a BIOS Update which is either
		 the same or newer version than the database file specified.
		 Please ensure you have the latest BIOS Update database file.
	INFO: No changes were made to the BIOS.

(Typical example where BIOS contains API, and an update is required)

	INFO: Boot processor Family=6, Model=1, Stepping=7
	INFO: BIOS Update API present
	INFO: No BIOS Update detected in boot processor.
		 Will use API to load BIOS Update into BIOS.
	INFO: Building list of all processors in system
	INFO: Detected 1 unique processor(s) 
	INFO: For processor with signature = 617 
	INFO: 256K L2 Cache present
	INFO: All Pentium(R) Pro Processors present can be updated
	INFO: 1 update(s) found for processors in system
	INFO: Checking processor with signature 617:
	INFO: BIOS reports update with revision 0xc5 successfully
		 loaded into flash memory
	INFO: Verifying BIOS Update in flash memory for
		 processor with signature 617:
	INFO: Update successfully verified and enabled

IMPORTANT: After running the utility, turn off power to the system to 
		 reboot (do not warm boot) to ensure new update is 
		 correctly initialized in the processor. Also, ensure all
		 jumpers are returned to their normal settings.


4) ERROR MESSAGES

ERROR: All processors in the system are not Pentium(R) Pro 
	  Processors. Exiting
ERROR: All Pentium(R) Pro Processor steppings present cannot be 
	  updated. Exiting
REASON: Processor must contain a Intel Pentium Pro processor that                    
	   has a CPUID signature of 0x612 or newer to be compatible
	   with this BIOS update API. One of these conditions is
	   not being met by the system.
	  

ERROR: Unable to allocate enough memory to determine cache size.
ERROR: Unable to allocate enough memory.
REASON: The utility can't find enough free system memory (aprox.
	   330K bytes) for allocating various data buffers.  


ERROR: Unable to open update database file: [FILENAME].
ERROR: No BIOS Update for signature 0xXXX found
	  in database file. Please obtain the latest database file.
ERROR: BIOS update loader version is incompatible with data 
	  file. Version: XX.
ERROR: Checksum failure in database record XX.
ERROR: Update not loaded. BIOS Update header contains a 
	  loader  version which was not recognized by the BIOS.
ERROR: Update not loaded. BIOS Update checksum incorrect.
ERROR: Update not loaded. BIOS Update was rejected
	  by processor.
ERROR: No BIOS Update found for processor(s) in database file. 
	  Ensure you are working with the latest database file.
ERROR: Database file does not contain updates for all of
	  the unique processor steppings in the system.
	  Please obtain the latest database file.
REASON: Database file (PEPx.PDB) is corrupt or not the most current one
	   available. Obtain the latest version of this file. 


ERROR: Update Load Verification Failed!
ERROR: Update not loaded. Failure due to inability to 
	  erase flash memory device
ERROR: Update not loaded. Failure due to inability to 
	  read flash memory device.
ERROR: Update not successully enabled. BIOS unable to read flash 
	  memory device.
ERROR: Failure reading flash memory device.
ERROR: Update not loaded. BIOS unable to write to flash memory device.
	  Ensure jumper settings on motherboard are correct.
ERROR: Error reading BIOS Update slot XX.
ERROR: Verification of BIOS Update write to flash memory failed.
REASON: FLASH memory device has failed, or writes are not enabled          
	   due to incorrect jumper settings on the motherboard.
		

ERROR: 0x%x OEM Error: 0x%x enabling update.
ERROR: 0x%x OEM Error 0x%x reading update,
ERROR: 0x%x OEM Error 0x%x writing update.,
ERROR: Update not loaded. All BIOS Update slots 
	  are occupied. BIOS is not managing slots 
	  correctly. Please contact your motherboard vendor.
REASON: BIOS vendor does not correctly support the API specification               
	   and has returned an unrecognized error code to the utility.
	   Inform your motherboard vendor of these results, and obtain        
	   an updated BIOS from them.


ERROR: Number of unique processors exceeds 4,
	  which is the limit of this update utility.
ERROR: Number of updates required exceeds the maximum number 
	  of slots implemented by the BIOS.
ERROR: BIOS does not contain sufficient number of slots
	  to store the BIOS Update(s).
REASON: Motherboard contains a larger number of unique-stepping 
	   processors then the BIOS or this utility supports. If 
	   possible, install a mix of processors that reduces the 
	   number of unique steppings.

    

5) LEGAL NOTICE
INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL PRODUCTS. 
YOU MAY COPY THE ATTACHED BIOS UPDATE UTILITY AND DATABASE FILE SOLELY FOR 
YOUR USE WITH THE INTEL PENTIUM PRO PROCESSOR. NO OTHER LICENSE, EXPRESS OR 
IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS 
GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL'S TERMS AND 
CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY 
WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING 
TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES 
RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR 
INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 
RIGHT. INTEL PRODUCTS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE IN MEDICAL, LIFE SAVING, 
OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS. INTEL MAY MAKE CHANGES TO SPECIFICATIONS 
AND PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS AT ANY TIME, WITHOUT NOTICE.

DESIGNERS MUST NOT RELY ON THE ABSENCE OR CHARACTERISTICS OF ANY FEATURES 
OR INSTRUCTIONS MARKED "RESERVED" OR "UNDEFINED." INTEL RESERVES THESE 
FOR FUTURE DEFINITION AND SHALL HAVE NO RESPONSIBILITY WHATSOEVER FOR 
CONFLICTS OR INCOMPATIBILITIES ARISING FROM FUTURE CHANGES TO THEM.

THE PENTIUM PRO PROCESSOR MAY CONTAIN DESIGN DEFECTS OR ERRORS KNOWN AS 
ERRATA. CURRENT CHARACTERIZED ERRATA ARE AVAILABLE ON REQUEST.
