Chapter 1
STARTING TO USE
JAWS WITH WINDOWS
(Also contained in the disk file "J1START.TXT".)
 
 
 
 
 
CONTENTS OF CHAPTER 1
 
     1.   WHERE TO START                                                     1
     2.   JAWS INNOVATIONS                                                   2
              The Speech Pad
              The Insert Key
     3.   ADJUSTING SPEECH VOLUME AND SPEECH RATE                            3
     4.   THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CURSORS                                     5
     5.   STOPPING AND LIMITING SPEECH                                       7
     6.   LEARNING BY DOING                                                  7
          6.1 Switching Between Applications                                 8
          6.2 Starting Applications with Program Manager                     9
          6.3 Using a Windows Application                                   11
          6.4 Using the Application Menu Bar to Improve Desktop Readability 12
          6.5 Using the Mouse Pointer to Quit an Application                14
          6.6 Using Help                                                    15
          6.7 Quitting JAWS and Windows                                     17
     7.   LOCATION OF ADDITIONAL REFERENCE INFORMATION                      18
 
 
 1.   WHERE TO START
 
     We have given considerable attention to the preparation of our
training tapes and manuals, and believe they can meet your needs
regardless of your computer background.  You can learn to use JAWS
in a variety of ways -- where you begin is up to you.
 
     This manual is called JAWS Basics, because it provides the
information that most JAWS users want to know.  Our training tapes
also provide a solid base of information about JAWS, in addition to
providing an orientation to Windows.  The first chapter in our
Windows Reference is an introduction to the Windows environment. 
It was written from the perspective of a blind PC user, and can be an
excellent reference for those who are teaching others about basic
Windows concepts.  Additionally, those who desire in depth
knowledge about JAWS, and who wish to unlock its full potential,
will get the supplemental information they need from our Technical
Reference.
 
     Our easy to use training tapes can provide blind PC users with
a thorough introduction to both JAWS and Windows.  These tapes
are an invaluable tool for blind PC users who want to learn-by-doing. 
The tapes cover JAWS set up and use, and allow people to learn at
their own pace.
 
     In addition to providing ink print manuals, an on-line help
system, and training tapes, we have provided you with a set of
Electronic Text Files, that contain all of our printed documentation. 
These files are installed automatically during JAWS setup, and they
can be read with a text editor or word processor.  The text files are
located in the \JFW\MANUALS\ENU subdirectory.
 
     If you have not installed JAWS, then you should do so before
going on to read the rest of this chapter.  For help with JAWS setup,
please read the Installation Guide which accompanies this manual or
listen to the installation tape.
 
 
2.   JAWS INNOVATIONS
 
     It is very easy to use JAWS because JAWS uses standard
Windows keyboard commands.  If you already understand the
fundamentals of using Windows, then you can begin using JAWS
immediately after it has been installed.  If you are a new Windows
user, then you can begin to learn about Windows as you learn about
adjusting the volume and speech rate of your speech synthesizer,
which is discussed in section 3 of this chapter.
 
The Speech Pad
 
     We use the term Speech Pad to refer to the set of keys that
are located on the right end of your keyboard.  This keypad can be
used to type numbers or move the cursor.  It consists of
approximately 17 keys, and it is commonly called the Numeric
Keypad.  However, we call this keypad the speech pad because it is
literally used to make Windows speak.  You should plan to keep the
Numlock Status of your numeric keypad turned off, so that it can be
used for reading the Windows desktop.  The Numlock key is usually
located at the upper left corner of the speech pad.
 
The Insert Key
 
     The speech pad has been enhanced in several important ways
to help with reading the Windows desktop.  The most important
innovation involves the Insert Key.  It has a new function.  It is used
as a type of shift key.  When the Insert key is held down, and
another key is pressed, then it makes the key perform a different
screen reading function.  For example, if you press the Down Arrow,
the cursor moves in a downward direction.  However, if you hold
down the Insert key and press the Down Arrow, then JAWS reads
everything in the active window.  You will learn much more about the
speech pad and Insert key as you go further in this manual.
 
     When you are asked to press a key on the keyboard in order to
make something happen, then you are using a Keyboard Command. 
We use a very specific way to write down keyboard commands in our
manuals to avoid confusion.  When you read the expression,
"INSERT+UP ARROW", this means that you are to hold down the
Insert key on the speech pad, and then press the Up Arrow key that
is located on the speech pad.  The PLUS sign that separates the
name of the Insert key and the Up Arrow key means that you are to
hold down the first key and then press the second key.
 
     TIP!  Use the thumb of your right hand to hold down the Insert
     key when doing commands such as INSERT+UP ARROW.
 
 
3.   ADJUSTING SPEECH VOLUME AND SPEECH RATE 
 
     If you have been experimenting with using the arrow keys on
the speech pad, then you have heard JAWS read information from
your desktop.  You probably want to adjust the speed of your speech
synthesizer to match your personal preferences, and to perhaps make
a few other adjustments in the way your synthesizer speaks.  To
adjust speech synthesizer settings, you need to use the Voices menu
of the JAWS application window.  To change the speech rate and
volume of your synthesizer, use the steps which follow.  New
Windows users will find that the keyboard commands you learn to
use here are also used throughout Windows.  
 
a.   Begin by switching to the JAWS application window.  Press
     and hold down ALT and tap the TAB one or more times until
     the name "JAWS" is spoken.  The JAWS application window
     is active as soon as you hear the name "JAWS" and you
     release ALT.  If Program Manager and JAWS are your only two
     active applications, then JAWS will be the first name spoken. 
     If you have additional applications running, then you will need
     to cycle through the list of application names to find JAWS.
 
b.   To activate the JAWS menu bar, press ALT.
 
c.   To find the name of the Voices menu on the menu bar, press
     your RIGHT ARROW.  Press ENTER after JAWS says "voices". 
     (The LEFT ARROW and RIGHT ARROW are always used to
     move the selection cursor along the menu bar.)
 
d.   Press ENTER to choose the Global dialog. This dialog name is
     the top item in the Voices menu.  Options for speech rate,
     speech volume, and other voice characteristics can be set in
     the Global dialog.  (The UP ARROW and DOWN ARROW are
     used in a dropdown menu.)
 
e.   If you choose the wrong menu or the wrong dialog, just press
     ESCAPE to cancel your choice.  If you press ESCAPE a second
     time, this deactivates the menu bar, however, the JAWS
     application window remains active.
 
f.   Press TAB to move forward to the next dialog option.  JAWS
     tells you that you are on the rate scroll bar.  Press SHIFT+TAB
     to move back to the volume scroll bar, which is where you
     began when the dialog box was first opened.  If you want to
     move through the entire set of dialog options, you can press
     TAB until you return to the volume scroll bar.  The
     SHIFT+TAB always moves you backward and the TAB always
     moves you forward through the set of options.
 
g.   To adjust speech rate, press TAB until JAWS identifies the rate
     scroll bar.  Use your arrow keys to increase or decrease the
     speech rate.  When you find the rate you like, press TAB to
     move on to another dialog option.  Tip!  To move more rapidly
     through the settings on the scroll bar, use your PAGE UP and
     PAGE DOWN.
 
h.   To adjust the volume of your synthesizer, press the TAB or
     SHIFT+TAB until JAWS identifies the volume scroll bar.  Use
     your arrow keys to adjust the volume level, and press TAB to
     move on to another dialog option.  TIP!  If you use the highest
     number for volume, and your synthesizer still does not speak
     loud enough, then you may need to use a volume knob on the
     synthesizer to boost the volume.
 
i.   You also can use the preceding steps to adjust the other
     options in the Global dialog, or to adjust the options in the
     other dialogs of the Voices menu.  If you are unsure of which
     keys to press when setting a dialog option, then press
     INSERT+F1 to obtain screen sensitive help.  If you want to re-
     read the text for the option you are currently on, then press
     CONTROL+DOWN ARROW.  If you want a description of your
     location in the Windows environment, then press INSERT+T. 
     If you want information about the purpose of the dialog option
     itself, then press F1 for context help.  Press ALT+F4 to exit
     context help when you are done reading.
 
j.   When you are satisfied with the changes you made, and you
     are ready to leave the dialog, then press ENTER.  This
     automatically selects the OK button.  Your new settings stay
     in effect until you change them.  Voice settings are
     automatically saved when you exit Windows.  If you want to
     cancel the changes you made in the dialog, then press
     ESCAPE, or press TAB until you find the cancel button, and
     then press ENTER.  Any of the preceding actions ends your
     use of the dialog and returns you to the JAWS application
     window.  At this point, you can press ALT+TAB to switch
     back to Program Manager.
 
 
4.   THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CURSORS
 
     When you use JAWS with Windows, you have two cursors: 
the PC cursor and the JAWS cursor.  
 
     Generally, the PC cursor is directly linked to the operation of
Windows applications.  It is connected with the use of standard
Windows keyboard commands.  For example, when you use
Windows Program Manager, you may feel as if the speech pad keys
are moving a cursor as you make selections even though a cursor is
not visible.  The term Selection Cursor is used in this situation to
indicate that a highlight bar or dotted box is being moved to select an
icon or a menu item.  When you are asked to "use your selection
cursor", this means that you are to use your PC cursor to highlight an
icon or menu item.
 
     The JAWS Cursor can be freely moved around within the
active window to read information that often cannot be read with the
PC cursor.  The JAWS cursor can read information at any time
without disrupting the status or operation of Windows.  It actually
moves the mouse pointer, which means it can be used with the
JAWS mouse buttons to select, drag, and choose.  Use of the mouse
pointer and mouse buttons are discussed later in this chapter.
 
     To activate the PC cursor, press PLUS on the speech pad.  The
     PC cursor is active when JAWS is first loaded. 
 
     To activate the JAWS cursor, press MINUS on the speech pad.
 
     The two cursors perform different tasks, and speech pad keys
may work differently depending on which cursor is being used.  When
you press a keyboard command, JAWS checks to see which cursor
is active, and determines whether the key stroke should be passed on
to Windows or used to initiate a JAWS screen reading function. 
JAWS screen reading functions do not interfere with Windows and
can be used at any time.
 
     When you press the MINUS on the speech pad, JAWS
indicates that you are using the JAWS cursor, and the speech pad
keys move the JAWS cursor.  The PC cursor remains at its current
location until it is moved by a Windows command.  Even though the
JAWS cursor is active, you can still type text with the alphabet keys
and use other Windows keyboard commands.
 
     When you press the PLUS, on the speech pad, JAWS speaks
the name of the cursor, and speech pad commands are again directly
linked to Windows.  The JAWS Cursor stays stationary when the PC
cursor is being used, and it remains in a fixed location until it is
activated again, or until it is used by JAWS to carry out a special
screen reading function.
 
 
5.   STOPPING AND LIMITING SPEECH
 
     You can Stop the Speaking of Information at any time by
pressing either the CONTROL key or the SHIFT key.  The pressing of
these keys does not affect the current activity being performed by
Windows.
 
     You can control the amount of descriptive information that
JAWS speaks by choosing different Verbosity settings.  Use
INSERT+V to rotate through the three verbosity levels.
 
     The "beginner" verbosity level provides the maximum
information about the Windows environment.  If you are a new
Windows user, then you should keep the verbosity level set to the
maximum level to obtain comprehensive descriptions.  The other two
verbosity levels provide less information, and are used by more
experienced Windows users.
 
     When the beginner level is used, for example, JAWS says the
word "dialog" after the title of a dialog box is spoken.  It also
describes dialog options according to their function, i.e., button,
check box, etc.
 
 
6.   LEARNING BY DOING
 
     In order to correctly understand the use of keyboard
commands, it is important for you to understand two words that are
used throughout Windows. 
 
Select
     To Select an Item, you must point to the item with the
     selection cursor.  The selection cursor can be thought of as a
     pointer which identifies the item you wish to use.  Windows
     uses highlighting and/or a dotted rectangle to indicate the
     "selected" item.  JAWS speaks the selected item to confirm
     the fact that it has been selected.  Mouse users use a single
     click of the left mouse button when they select an item.
 
Choose
     When you Choose an Item, you are implementing or starting an
     activity.  Normally, you first select an item, and then you
     choose it.  This two step process is a standard Windows
     convention.  In most cases, selecting an item will not initiate
     an activity; you must also choose it.  For example, you use
     your arrow keys to select the name of an application in
     Program Manager, and then you press ENTER to start the
     application.  Mouse users choose items when they double click
     the left mouse button.
 
6.1  Switching Between Applications
 
     The easiest way for us to explain how to work with Windows
and JAWS is to have you try the commands we describe.  If possible,
try out each keyboard command as we introduce it.
 
     If you only have installed Windows and JAWS on your PC,
then Windows will have two "running" applications when it starts --
JAWS and Program Manager.  A Running Application is a software
program that has been started and is ready for use. If you have set
up Windows to load additional applications, then you could have a
number of other applications that also are ready for immediate use.
 
     The ALT+TAB is used to switch between running applications. 
It can be used in two different ways.  It can be used to toggle back
and forth between two applications, or it can be used to switch to
any of the applications that are currently running in Windows.
 
a.   Press INSERT+T to have JAWS speak the title of the current
     window.  A title bar is located at the top of each window. 
     Next, press ALT+TAB to toggle back to the previously opened
     Window.  Press ALT+TAB again, to return to the first
     application Window.  Whenever you press and release
     ALT+TAB you toggle back and forth between the two most
     recently used applications.
 
b.   The ALT+TAB also can be used to rotate through the entire
     list of applications running in Windows.  To do this, hold down
     ALT and tap the TAB one or more times.  It is important to not
     release the ALT key until you hear the name of the application
     you wish to use.  Each time you press TAB, while ALT is held
     down, you "select" a different application name from the set
     of running applications.  When you release the ALT, after
     hearing an application name, then you "choose" that
     application, and it becomes the active application.  The Active
     Application is simply the program that you are currently using. 
     A running application is simply a program that has been
     started, but is not the active application.  You can use
     INSERT+T to read the name of the active application.
 
6.2  Starting Applications with Program Manager
 
     Since we are about to discuss commands that involve the use
of icons, we need to discuss these graphic symbols.  In the simplest
terms, an Icon is a small symbol or picture that represents something. 
An icon can represent an application, a group window, or a document
window.  Most icons also include a text description, and the icon and
its description appear together on the desktop.  Icons can represent
running applications such as Program Manager and JAWS.  Icons also
can represent group windows in Program Manager, and applications
that can be started from within a Program Manager group window. 
This may sound complicated, but it really isn't when you use JAWS
to read your desktop.
 
     Windows Program Manager is primarily used to start
applications, and to manage the way applications work together.  To
use Program Manager, you must make it the active application.  To
find out which application is currently active, press INSERT+T, and
JAWS will tell you which application you are using.  If JAWS tells
you that you are using Program Manager, then you are ready for the
next step.  If JAWS identifies some other application, then use your
ALT+TAB to activate Program Manager.  Hold down ALT and press
TAB until JAWS says "program manager", then release ALT.
 
a.   After activating Program Manager, press CONTROL+TAB to
     move between its group windows.  JAWS speaks the name of
     the newly selected group each time you press
     CONTROL+TAB.  Each Program Manager Group contains
     application icons that can be used to start applications. 
     Program Manager can have many groups, and you can cycle
     through the entire set of groups by pressing CONTROL+TAB. 
     If you keep pressing this combination of keys, you eventually
     return to the first group.  You can move in a backward
     direction through the groups by using
     CONTROL+SHIFT+TAB.  This last command means that you
     are to hold down both the CONTROL and SHIFT at the same
     time, and then press TAB.
 
b.   Use your CONTROL+TAB to find the Accessories group.
 
c.   If the group window is open and application icons are
     displayed, then JAWS speaks the name of the group and
     speaks the name of the selected application icon.  If the group
     is closed, JAWS only speaks the name of the group.  You can
     press INSERT+5 on the speech pad to have JAWS identify the
     icon that is currently selected.  If JAWS says something such
     as "accessories icon" when you press INSERT+SPEECH PAD
     5, then this means the group window is closed and appears on
     the desktop as an icon.  If JAWS reads the name of a group
     followed by the name of an application such as "write", then
     this means the group is open, and the selection cursor is
     pointing to an application icon.
 
d.   If the Accessories group is closed, then press ENTER to open
     it.
 
e.   Next you need to look for an application icon for the Windows
     Notepad program.  Use your arrow keys to move around within
     the group window to read the names of the icons.  The icons
     may be displayed in more than one row, so you can use all
     four of your arrow keys to move between the program icons
     in a group box.  When JAWS says "notepad", this means that
     the selection cursor is pointing to the application icon for the
     Notepad program.  You also can press a letter key on your
     keyboard to jump to a specific program icon.  If you press "N",
     then the selection cursor jumps to Notepad.
 
     Before we start the Notepad program, you might want to use
screen sensitive help to obtain instructions for starting applications. 
Press INSERT+F1 for screen sensitive help.
 
6.3  Using a Windows Application
 
     Since our goal is to use the Notepad program, use your arrow
keys to find the program icon in the Accessories group, and press
ENTER to start the program.  JAWS speaks the name of the program
as soon as it is loaded, and reminds you that you are using an
untitled document.  At this point you can type text in the empty
document window.  Please go ahead and type a couple sentences. 
Please note!  Notepad is a text editor and your typing will extend
beyond the margins of the window.  Thus you should use your
ENTER key to return the cursor to the left margin after filling up a
line.  It also is possible to activate "word wrap" in Notepad's Edit
menu to force Notepad to wrap text from line to line as you type.
 
     Now that you have some text on the screen, you can practice
reading it.
 
     Use UP ARROW and DOWN ARROW to move up and down in
     the document.
 
     Use LEFT ARROW and RIGHT ARROW to move left and right
     by individual letters.
 
     Use INSERT+LEFT ARROW and INSERT+RIGHT ARROW to
     move to the prior and next words.
 
     Use INSERT+UP ARROW to read the current line,
     INSERT+SPEECH PAD 5 to read the current word, and
     SPEECH PAD 5 to read the current character.
 
     Use INSERT+DOWN ARROW to read the entire application
     window, and CONTROL+DOWN ARROW to read the
     document window.
 
6.4  Using the Application Menu Bar to Improve Desktop
     Readability
 
     The size of the active window determines the amount of
information that is displayed in the window, and may affect the
readability of the window.  With some applications, you will need to
maximize the size of the active window to enable JAWS to properly
read information on the desktop.  JAWS cannot perform properly
when parts of words and pieces of graphics are cut off from the
screen display.  Use the suggestions in this section when you believe
information is missing or when JAWS does not seem to be reading
properly.
 
     We will use Notepad to describe the use of the menu bar, so
if Notepad is not your active application, then please choose its icon
from the Accessories group of Program Manager.  Activate the menu
bar by pressing ALT.  The ALT activates the menu bar in any
Windows application.  Now you can use your LEFT ARROW and
RIGHT ARROW to read the menu names on the bar.  Windows menu
bars are usually very similar to one another and commonly have menu
names such as: files, edit, search, options, and help.
 
     If you want to maximize the size of the active application
window, then follow these steps.
 
a.   Use the arrow keys to find the application control menu on the
     menu bar.  JAWS says "application control menu" when the
     selection cursor encounters the icon that identifies the menu. 
     Press ENTER to display the menu.  If you make a mistake and
     choose the wrong menu name, press ESCAPE to close the
     menu.
 
b.   Most applications have an Application Control Menu which is
     used to manage the application itself.  Use your UP ARROW
     and DOWN ARROW to read through the list of menu items.
 
c.   Among the menu items on the list are "restore", "minimize"
     and "maximize".  Press ENTER when JAWS says "maximize".
 
     When you Maximize an Application Window in this way, you
expand the size of the window to the largest size possible.  If you
had chosen to Minimize an Application Window, then the application
would have been reduced to an icon.  When you choose to Restore
an Application Window, the window is returned to its standard size. 
After you choose any of these commands, the menu bar closes.
 
     Some applications have two control menus.  In addition to the
application control menu, they also have a Child Window Control
Menu to manage documents or group boxes.  A Child Window is a
window that exists totally within an application window, and might
contain the text of a document, a spreadsheet, or Program Manager
icons.  For example, some word processors allow you to open several
documents and to place each of them in a separate document
window.  These programs use a document control menu to manage
the documents that are displayed in the various child windows.  You
can minimize, maximize, restore, and switch between child windows
by using the child window control menu.
 
     TIP!  If you find that information in a child window is difficult
     to read, use its control menu to maximize the child window. 
     If it does not have a control menu, then maximize the
     application window.
 
     The standard Windows shortcut key for activating the control
menu for a child window is ALT+HYPHEN, and the shortcut key for
the application control menu is ALT+SPACEBAR.  A more complete
description of child windows, parent windows, and DOS windows is
presented in Chapter 1 of our Windows Reference.
 
6.5  Using the Mouse Pointer to Quit an Application
 
     Even though your document may be a creative masterpiece,
we are not going to save it.  We are instead going to quit the
Notepad program.  There are several ways to do this.  The ALT+F4
is the universal command for quitting any application, however, we
are going to use the JAWS cursor and the mouse pointer to exit
Notepad.  We are only using this approach to demonstrate the use of
the mouse keys, and recommend the standard use of ALT+F4 to exit
applications.
 
a.   Press MINUS on the speech pad to activate the JAWS cursor. 
     If you wish, you can take some time to read around the active
     window.  Use your arrow keys to do this.
 
b.   Next press PAGE UP to take the JAWS cursor to the top of the
     Notepad application window. Read the information on this line
     by pressing your INSERT+UP ARROW.
 
c.   Now press DOWN ARROW.  The JAWS cursor should read the
     names on the menu bar.  Press HOME to move the JAWS
     cursor to the beginning of text on the line.  Press
     INSERT+SPEECH PAD 5 to read the current word.  JAWS
     should say "files".  If it doesn't, then use your arrow keys to
     move the JAWS cursor to "files".
 
d.   With your JAWS cursor pointing to "Files", click the left JAWS
     mouse button.  This is the Slash key "/" on the speech pad. 
     When you click on a menu name, you display its menu.
 
e.   The files menu is now displayed and you could use your arrow
     keys and ENTER to choose the exit command.  However, we
     will instead continue to use our JAWS cursor and mouse keys. 
     Press INSERT+MINUS to activate your JAWS cursor and to
     route it to the position of the selection cursor.  Now move the
     JAWS cursor down the list of menu items with the DOWN
     ARROW.  When the JAWS mouse pointer is on "exit", then
     click the left mouse button, i.e. SLASH.  This chooses the Exit
     dialog.
 
f.   The Exit dialog asks you whether you want to save your
     document.  At this point the PC cursor has been turned on and
     you can press DOWN ARROW to select the No button, and
     press ENTER to choose it.  You then will return to the
     Accessories group window of Program Manager.
 
g.   You can close the Accessories group window by pressing
     CONTROL+F4. This command can be used in many
     applications to close a child window.  In Program Manager, it
     closes a group window, and in a word processing program, it
     closes a document window.  Regardless of what the child
     window is called, the shortcut key for closing the active child
     window is CONTROL+F4.
 
6.6  Using Help
 
     In Windows, there are generally two resources that can be
used to get help as you use an application.  Context Help provides
information about the use of a program option or setting, and is most
often used with dialog boxes.  On-Line Documentation can be
thought of as an application program's instruction manual that is used
to learn about how to use the application.
 
     JAWS has context help, on-line documentation, and an
additional type of help call screen sensitive help.  Screen Sensitive
Help is used when you want JAWS to describe the function of the
current window or dialog option.  For example, if you were using the
Open File dialog box and were trying to choose a file from the file list,
then you could use screen sensitive help to learn about keyboard
commands that can be used in this specific situation.
 
     To use context help for JAWS or any other application, press
F1.  If context help is available for the current situation, then one or
more windows of information will be presented.  To quit context help
and return to the application, press ALT+F4.  Some application
programs do not provide context sensitive help and they will not
respond when you press F1.
 
     Context help is always available when you are using the JAWS
menu bar and its dialogs.  Simply press F1 to activate help for the
menu item or dialog option which is currently highlighted by the
selection cursor.  If you want general help regarding the dialog box
itself, then choose the help button in the dialog box.  Once you open
a help screen by pressing F1 or the help button, you have immediate
access to all on-line documentation for JAWS, and you can jump to
any of the JAWS manuals.  When you are done using help, press
ALT+F4 to exit help and return to the JAWS menu or dialog you had
been using.
 
     To use on-line documentation for JAWS, you follow the same
process that you would use for any other application that has on-line
help. First activate the application window for the program by using
ALT+TAB.  You also can jump to the JAWS application Window by
using the INSERT+J hot key.  Next, press ALT+H to activate the
Help menu, and then choose "Contents".  This takes you to the
opening menu of the JAWS help system.  When you are done using
on-line help, press ALT+F4.
 
     Some applications also may have an on-line documentation
icon in their Program Manager group box which can be used to
activate on-line help.  Additionally, some programs such as JAWS,
have a Quick Reference item in the Help menu.  This is a list of
JAWS commands and Windows keyboard commands that can be
activated at any time from within the JAWS application window. 
The quick reference can also be activated from within the on-line help
system for JAWS.  When you have finished using the quick reference
or any application program's on-line help, press ALT+F4 to exit the
help program.
 
     Screen sensitive help can be used with any windows
application.  Simply press INSERT+F1 to obtain a description of the
type of window or dialog option you are currently using.  When this
type of help is used, you do not need to press ALT+F4 to exit help,
because the help message is spoken without activating the JAWS
help system.
 
6.7  Quitting JAWS and Windows
 
     If you wish to Quit JAWS, and to continue to use Windows
without a screen reader, then press INSERT+F4.  You can also quit
JAWS by activating the JAWS application window and pressing
ALT+F4.
 
     When you have completed your work in the Windows
environment, it is best to Quit Windows before turning off your
computer.  It is not necessary to quit JAWS before you quit
Windows.  However, you should quit all other applications with open
data files before quitting Windows so that your data can be safely
saved.  Use these steps to exit Windows.
 
a.   Use ALT+TAB to activate the Program Manager.
 
b.   Press ALT+F4 to quit Windows.  You will be asked to confirm
     your decision to exit by pressing the OK button.  Press ENTER
     to choose the button.
 
     If you start to quit Windows and you have an open application
window with data that has not been saved, then Windows prevents
you from exiting.  In some cases, JAWS may already have become
silent and it does not speak the dialog message which warns you of
this situation.  If this happens and Windows appears to be waiting for
a response, then press ESCAPE.  JAWS will speak the warning
message, and you can then close any open applications.
 
 
7.   LOCATION OF ADDITIONAL REFERENCE INFORMATION
 
     This chapter was designed to provide a foundation for working
with JAWS in the Windows environment.  Remaining chapters in this
manual provide additional details on topics that were discussed here,
and introduce additional JAWS screen reading tools.  Chapter 2
describes keyboard commands that are used when the PC cursor is
active.  Chapter 3 describes keyboard commands that are used when
the JAWS cursor is active.  Chapter 4 describes the use and
functions of the JAWS menu bar. 
 
     If you found, after reading this chapter, that you want to learn
more about Windows, then please listen to our training tapes and
read the first chapter in our Windows Reference.  Additionally, you
can obtain numerous books and reference manuals on the topic of
Windows from Recordings for the Blind, Inc.  Contact one of their
reference librarians for a list of Windows Related Publications.  Some
publications are available on cassette tape and others are offered in
electronic text format.

