
Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 1

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 1


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor

BIOEDIT is a menu-driven editor with multiple text editing windows and
context- sensitive 'Help' windows. It may be used with a mouse connected to a
serial port of your PC, but this is not essential as the menus may be
accessed by holding down the Alt key and pressing one of the 'hot' keys
indicated at the top of the screen. These drop-down menus operate in a manner
that is rapidly becoming the standard for modern software.

BIOEDIT will normally be executed automatically from Biographer, but if you
want to go through this tutorial without running Biographer, you should
simply enter BIOEDIT while you are in the directory where you have installed
the Biographer files. You will see that BIOEDIT features five drop-down menus
whose headings appear at the top of the screen, together with a display of
the current time in digital form.

The following illustration shows the heading for the drop-down menus in the
top row with the current time (in 24 hour digital clock form) at top right.
There is a 'status line' on the bottom row of the screen and a new (empty)
window labelled Untitled. If you have not launched BIOEDIT from Biographer,
then you will only have the top and bottom rows on your screen. The new
window is illustrated in order to explain some of the controls that you can
operate if you have a mouse.


  File   Edit   Search   Window   Utilities                          18:58:52
[] Untitled []ͻ
_                                                                          
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
                                                                           
 These  digits indicate the row:column of the cursor                      
 1:1
F1 Help  F2 Find Again  F3 Save  F4 Open  F5 Next  F8 Close  F9 Menu F10 Quit


In the bottom 'Status line' the bold Function key codes have 'active' status,
meaning that they are functional as soon as the program is launched. The grey
text indicates that those Function keys are 'inactive' initially. When
activated they will appear like the other text in the Status line.


If you have a mouse, you can move this window around with a 'dragging'
operation and close it by clicking on its Close icon [].

You can zoom by clicking on the [] icon.

A window nay be resized by holding the button down and dragging the bottom
right corner 

You can move horizontally and vertically inside the window by using the
scroll bars in the usual way.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 2

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 2


The context-sensitive Help system is always active and you should get to know
it immediately.

When first launched, none of the Menus is highlighted, so there is no context
in which to offer help. Instead, if you press F1 you will get a general
purpose introduction to BioEdit.


The File menu is dropped down by holding down the Alt key and pressing F.
Alternatively, if a mouse is connected you may use it to move the cursor
anywhere on the heading File and then click its button to cause the File menu
to drop down. Each menu heading has sub-headings as follows:



File              Edit            Search        Window       Utilities
 New               Undo            Find...       Tile         Calendar
 Open...       F4  --------------  Replace...    Overlap      ---------------
 Save          F3  Cut    Ctrl+X   Find Again F2 Close All    Save desktop
 Save As           Copy   Ctrl+C                 ---------    Retrieve dsktop
 Print             Paste  Ctrl+V                 Size/Move    ---------------
 -------------     Clear  Ctrl+B                 Zoom         Mouse...
 Change directory  --------------                Next     F5  Palette...
 Quit editor  F10  Show Clipboard                Previous     DOS shell
                                                 Close    F8


When a menu has been dropped down, a sub-heading is selected in a similar way
to the main heading, except that the Alt key is not used. For example, when
Search menu is first opened, the sub-heading Find will be highlighted. This
highlight can be moved up and down using the arrow keys (say to place it on
Replace...) and pressing Enter will activate the highlighted item. Another
way to activate Replace... would be to press its 'hot' key R that is
displayed in a contrasting colour in Replace...  A third method is to click
the mouse on   Replace...


The last main menu heading Utilities has an accessory of special interest to
Family Historians, and so it will be described first, before the more general
file handling and editing operations that are activated from the other main
headings.

Make the Utilities menu drop down either by clicking on it or using Alt+U.
The menu item Calendar will be highlighted, so it is the context for Help,
which you can get by pressing F1.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 3

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 3


When you have read the Help, press Esc or click on the [] icon to close the
Help window. The menu item Calendar will still be highlighted and you can
either press Enter or click on the word Calendar to activate it. When
Calendar is activated the current month and day are displayed in a fixed-size
window as on the left below. The G.B. CALENDAR on the right shows the last
month when it is necessary to use dual dating as the year 1751 began on 25
March and ended on 31 December.


[] G.B. CALENDAR ͻIts controls are:        [] G.B. CALENDAR ͻ
  OCTOBER  1993                                  MARCH    1750/51    
  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  Click or key  next month  Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa  
                  1  2  Click or key  prev month                  1  2  
   3  4  5  6  7  8  9  PgUp for next year          3  4  5  6  7  8  9  
  10 11 12 13 14 15 16  PgDn for previous year     10 11 12 13 14 15 16  
  17 18 19 20 21 22 23  Ctrl+PgUp forwrd 10 years  17 18 19 20 21 22 23  
  24 25 26 27 28 29 30  Ctrl+PgDn back ten years   24 25 26 27 28 29 30  
  31                    Click[]or key F8 toClose  31                    
ͼ                         ͼ

Easter Day is highlighted from 1700 onwards

Calendar Exercise

Open the Calendar. The quickest key sequence is Alt+U followed by C. The
current month and year will be displayed and the date will be highlighted.
Move from today to the 1891 Census in U.K. that was held on 5 April. Check
that (as always) the census was held on a Sunday. You should also look at
September 1752 and see what happened when Great Britain adopted the New Style
(Gregorian) Calendar. Then move back to APRIL 1751 and notice that only one
year appears in the title and that Easter Day (7) is highlighted. Move back
one month and you have the above Calendar for the last occasion when the
British year ended on 24 MARCH.

Before you close the Calendar, use the key sequence Alt+U followed by S to
Save desktop. This will store a copy of the current screen display that you
can retrieve at any time. Now click on [] or press F8 to close the Calendar.
Do not do it now, but if you did open the Calendar as before using Alt+U
followed by C then you will be back to the present day, not 1752 (or
whatever). The quickest way to recall the last month you examined is to
Retrieve desktop  by keying Alt+U followed by R.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 4

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 4


ASCII Codes Exercise

Biographer is supplied with three data files:

      ASCII.BIO        COUNTIES.BIO            REGDIST.BIO

You should consult, and then copy from the file ASCII.BIO in order to enter
the following text, which contains some of the more frequently-used
characters from the extended IBM character set:


        PLEASE NOTE THAT THE REST OF THIS EXERCISE (& SECTION OF
        THIS PROGRAM) CAN BE FOUND IN THE FILE ASCII.DOC.

        THIS HAS BEEN NECESSARY BECAUSE SOME OF THE CHARACTERS
        FROM THE EXTENDED ASCII CHARACTER SET THAT APPEAR ON
        SCREEN INTERFERE WITH THE OPERATION OF THIS PROGRAM,
        AS THEY ARE INTERPRETTED AS PROGRAM CODE.

        ASCII.DOC is a straightforward ASCII text file and maybe
        viewed and printed in the normal way with your own word
        processor or DOS commands.


Quit BioEdit with F10 and have a rest if you need to.

You have completed about 40% of the tutorial - when you have finished
the exercise in ASCII.DOC!


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 5

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 5


File Menu Exercise

Restart BioEdit either by entering BIOEDIT or (if you wish to look at, say,
the ASCII.BIO file immediately) enter BIOEDIT ASCII.BIO

To open (another) existing file use F4 or sequence Alt+F followed by O.

A Prompt line and a list of files appears. Only files with the extension .BIO
appear in the list. Press Tab to move from the editable text field that reads
*.BIO to the list of files. You can move around this list of files with the
arrow keys, or by clicking with the mouse. Full details of the currently
highlighted file appear on the bottom two lines of the Open biograph file
window. Highlight the REYNOLDS.BIO file (it was supplied on the disk sent
with this Tutorial) and press Enter or click on the Open button to open it.


N.B: The rest of this Section contains the following Biograph. The exercises
resume in the next Section.


Arthur Henry REYNOLDS (C0021)                       Prepared: Mon 18 Oct 1993

AGE        DATE                    EVENT             ( age based on baptism)
  Sun  6 Jul 1800His maternal grandmother Harriett IMPETT was baptised at
                 Stourmouth, KEN
  Sun 19 Dec 1802His paternal grandfather Stephen REYNOLDS was baptised at
                 Mersham, KEN
  Sun 14 May 1809His paternal grandmother Maria HART baptised at Stowting
                 KEN  1809 Maria Dr of Jonathan & Mary Ann Hart May? 14th
  Abt    Apr 1825His maternal grandfather Thomas PETLEY married grandmother
                 Harriett IMPETT at Hoath, KEN, Banns 27 Mar, 3 Apr, 10 Apr
  Mon  2 Apr 1832His paternal grandfather Stephen REYNOLDS married
                 grandmother Maria HART at St Mary, Stowting, KEN, Stephen
                 Reynolds(of this parish) and Maria Hart(of this parish) in
                 the presence of Jonathan Hart, Elizabeth Corey (all made
                 their mark)
  Tue  5 Dec 1837His mother Charlotte PETLEY was born at Blean, Hoath, KEN
                 "4a.m." (twins or unfamiliarity of Civil Register?)
  Sun  4 Feb 1838His mother Charlotte PETLEY was baptised at Hoath, KEN
                 Father's occupation: Labourer
  Sat 29 Aug 1840His father Stephen Frederick REYNOLDS was born at Gravel
                 Castle, Barham, KEN
  Sat  3 Nov 1866His father Stephen Frederick REYNOLDS married mother
                 Charlotte PETLEY at Poplar, MDX, Banns published in Barham
                 14 Oct 1866, 21 Oct 1866, 28 Oct 1866
  Sun 27 Oct 1867His brother Frederick Kenneth REYNOLDS baptised at Barham
                  KEN  Father's occupation: Bricklayer
  Wed 13 Jan 1869His brother William George REYNOLDS was born at Barham,KEN
  Sun  4 Apr 1869His brother William George REYNOLDS was baptised at Barham
                 KEN  Father's occupation: Bricklayer
         Sep 1870His sister Gertrude Harriet REYNOLDS born at Barham, KEN
  Sun 25 Dec 1870His sister Gertrude Harriet REYNOLDS was baptised at
                 Barham, KEN  Father's occupation: Labourer
  Sun 24 Mar 1872His brother Edward John REYNOLDS was baptised at Barham,
                 KEN  Father's occupation: Labourer

  Sun 27 Jul 1873He was born at Barham, KEN Birth Reg. Bridge 2a 669  Q3
                 1873 (His parents were married 6 years 8 months before)
  Mon 22 Sep 1873He was baptised at Barham, KEN Father's occupation: Labr.
 2Abt    Mar 1876His brother George Albert REYNOLDS was born at  Barham,KEN
 2Sun 30 Apr 1876His brother George Albert REYNOLDS was baptised at Barham,
                 KEN  Father's occupation: Labourer
 3Sat 20 Jan 1877His future spouse Fanny Louisa APPS was born at Bridge,KEN
                 Birth Reg. Bridge 2a 783  Q1 1877
 3Sat 24 Feb 1877His brother Charles Stephen REYNOLDS baptised at Barham,
                 KEN  Father's occupation: Labourer
          UndatedHis brother George Albert REYNOLDS died at  Nail Bourne,
                 Barham, KEN  (aged  2)
          UndatedHis brother George Albert REYNOLDS died (aged  3)
 5Sat 15 Mar 1879His brother George Albert REYNOLDS funeral was held at
                 Barham, KEN  By coroner's order, accidentally drowned.Age3
 7Abt        1881His future 2nd spouse Ellen Agnes KENNEDY was born at  KEN
 7Aft        1881His paternal grandmother Maria REYNOLDS (ne HART) died at
                 As she appears in the 1881 Census (aged 71)
 7Bef  3 Apr 1881His paternal grandfather Stephen REYNOLDS died (aged 78)
 7Aft    May 1881His brother Albert Ernest REYNOLDS was born
16Sat  9 Nov 1889His brother Frederick Thomas REYNOLDS married Ellen GATES
                 at Barham, KEN , Frederick (23), Ellen (24)
17Bef        1891Occupation: Labourer Barham, KEN
17Aft        1891Occupation: Apprentice Bricklayer Bridge, KEN
19           1893Occupation: Bricklayer (Journeyman) Margate, KEN
19Tue  7 Mar 1893His sister Gertrude Harriet REYNOLDS married Robert HEATH
                 at Barham, KEN , Widower married Spinster, witnessed by
                 Arthur Reynolds-C0021
19Sun 23 Jul 1893He married Fanny Louisa APPS at St Peters', Bridge, KEN.
                 1st child born 15 Sep 1893 (8 weeks later)
20Fri 15 Sep 1893His daughter Dorothy Jane REYNOLDS was born at Barham, KEN
20Sun 29 Oct 1893His daughter Dorothy Jane REYNOLDS was baptised at Barham,
                 KEN  Father's occupation: Labourer
21Fri 27 Jul 1894He came of age
22Sun 27 Oct 1895His daughter Phyllis Marjory REYNOLDS was baptised at
                 Barham, KEN
22Abt        1896His brother William George REYNOLDS married Mary Ann
                 BENNETT at Barham, KEN
23Sat  8 May 1897His step-son Percy Donald KENNEDY was born at Margate, KEN
23Sat 22 May 1897His daughter Elsie Victoria REYNOLDS was born at Barham,
                 KEN
25Sun 30 Apr 1899His son Arthur George REYNOLDS was baptised at Barham, KEN
                 Father's occupation: Bricklayer
26Tue  2 Jan 1900His son Charles Albert REYNOLDS was born at Barham, KEN
          UndatedHis son Arthur George REYNOLDS died (aged  1)
26Fri 13 Apr 1900His son Arthur George REYNOLDS funeral was held at Barham,
                 KEN    Age 16 months
28       Oct 1901His daughter Annie Elizabeth REYNOLDS was born at  Barham,
                 KEN
31Tue 10 Jan 1905His step-son Percy Donald KENNEDY was baptised at St John,
                 Thanet, KEN  No father given. Mother: Ellen Agnes KENNEDY
                 (no occupation)
34       Jan 1908His father Stephen Frederick REYNOLDS died at Barham, KEN
                 (aged 67)
34Thu 19 Mar 1908His father Stephen Frederick REYNOLDS funeral was held at
                 Barham, KEN    Age 68
34Mon 27 Apr 1908His wife Fanny Louisa REYNOLDS (ne APPS) died at Barham,
                 KEN    T.B.  (aged 31)
34Sun  3 May 1908His wife Fanny Louisa REYNOLDS (ne APPS) funeral was held
                 at Barham, KEN    Age 31
35Sat 24 Apr 1909He marr. Ellen Agnes KENNEDY at Primitive Methodist Chapel
                 Margate, KEN, 1st child born 24 Nov 1909 (7 months later)
36Wed 24 Nov 1909His son Sidney Arthur REYNOLDS was born at Margate, KEN
36Mon 28 Mar 1910His son Sidney Arthur REYNOLDS was baptised at St John,
                 Thanet, KEN    Private Baptism
37Thu 18 May 1911His daughter Helen Agnes REYNOLDS was born at 94 Dane Road
                 Margate, KEN
37Fri 30 Jun 1911His daughter Helen Agnes REYNOLDS was baptised at St John,
                 Thanet, KEN    Father's occupation: Journeyman Bricklayer
42Fri 20 Aug 1915His granddaughter Rose PACKMAN was born at Wootton, KEN
42Mon 11 Oct 1915His daughter Dorothy Jane REYNOLDS married Ken
                 PACKMAN at Barham, KEN   .  Ken aged 20; Dorothy aged 22.
43Fri 30 Mar 1917His son Charles Albert REYNOLDS died at Brompton Hospital,
                 Chelsea, LND Tuberculosis (aged 17)
45Abt        1919His daughter Phyllis Marjory REYNOLDS married Don KENNEDY
                 at Margate, KEN
46Abt        1920His grandson Peter KENNEDY was born
46Thu 11 Mar 1920His granddaughter Adana PACKMAN was born
47       Apr 1921His mother Charlotte REYNOLDS (ne PETLEY) died at Barham,
                 KEN (aged 83)
50Sat 12 Jul 1924His grandson Arthur Ken PACKMAN was born at Kingston, KEN
51Thu 11 Sep 1924His daughter Elsie Victoria REYNOLDS married Charles
                 Thomas COOLEY at St John Baptist, Barham, KEN
55Tue 19 Mar 1929His granddaughter Jean Elsie COOLEY born at 61 St Johns
                 Park, Tufnell,LCC Purchased when State Pension applied for
55Sun 28 Apr 1929His granddaughter Jean Elsie COOLEY was baptised at St
                 John's, Upper Holloway, LCC Photocopy of original in her
                 possession
60Tue 24 Apr 1934Silver Wedding Anniversary
63       Jun 1937His granddaughter Rose PACKMAN married William WOOD at
                 Whitstable, KEN
64Thu  3 Mar 1938His grandson Peter COOLEY was born at Oakleigh Road, East
                 Barnet, Hertfordshire
64Sun  1 May 1938His grandson Peter COOLEY was baptised at St John the
                 Evangelist, Friern Barnet, MDX
68Sat 14 Mar 1942He died at General Hospital, Margate, KEN. Death
                 Certificate: Angina


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 6

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 6


The first new menu item you are going to use is the Search command. Have a
look around the file first, using the PgUp and PgDn keys. Notice that there
are many places where the character string 'KEN' appears. When you have
finished browsing use the arrow keys or the Page keys to move to the very
beginning of the file. Use Alt+S followed by F and the following prompt will
appear:

Text to find


[ ] Case sensitive
[ ] Whole words only

   OK         Cancel


When no biograph files are open  you can still pull down the Search menu, but
you will notice that the Find item is inactive. Make the Text to find:

      KEN

the County Code for Kent.

The problems with this particular County Code are that it is almost as long
as the full name and it is also an abbreviation for Kenneth. Ultimately, you
are going to change every occurrence of 'KEN' to 'Kent' but you do not wish
to change the given name 'Ken' into 'Kent'. You can avoid this embarrassment
by making the search Case sensitive. When you have typed (all uppercase) KEN
press the Tab key and the cursor will move to the box before Case sensitive.
Now press the Space Bar and X will appear in the box to indicate that the
option is now selected. Press  and the cursor will move to the box

[_] Whole words only


We do NOT wish to find the KEN in KENNEDY, so press the Space Bar and X will
appear in the box to indicate that the option is selected.

The Find window should now look like this:

Text to find
KEN

[X] Case sensitive
[X] Whole words only

  OK         Cancel


The OK box will be highlighted to indicate that it will be selected when you
press Enter. So press Enter or click on the OK box and BioEdit will rapidly
find the first occurrence of KEN in the line:

                 Stourmouth, KEN


Press F2 to Find again and BioEdit will find KEN in the line:

                 Mersham, KEN


You can keep pressing F2 to find other occurrences. Notice what happens after
about twenty two presses of F2: the following line is found with KEN (the
whole word, not as part of KENNEDY) highlighted.

 7Abt        1881His future 2nd spouse Ellen Agnes KENNEDY was born at KEN


Notice also how KEN (and not Ken) is highlighted in this line:

                 PACKMAN at Barham, KEN.  Ken aged 20; Dorothy aged 22.


So, let's tidy up all those messy KEN abbreviations by using the Replace item
from the Search menu. Return to the top of the biograph and press Alt+S
followed by R. Another type of text input window appears:

Text to find
KEN

New text
Kent

[X] Case sensitive
[X] Whole words only
[ ] Prompt on replace
[X] Replace all

    OK         Cancel

You will need to take the appropriate action to set all the items shown in
bold above. When you press Enter with the options set as shown, every time
that BioEdit finds KEN (the whole word in uppercase) it will replace it with
Kent, without asking you whether or not it should do so. The process is
completely reliable and the biograph for this exercise has so many KEN
strings that it is irritating to be asked about all of them. In other words,
the Replace all option can safely be used for the sample biograph, but you
should use this option with great care as it can produce some nasty
surprises. For example, do not try changing all (accidental) occurrences of a
double space by a single space. Biographs are generated with lots of
consecutive spaces in them and automatic replacement will ruin the alignment
of the biograph columns.

Save your modified biograph with a different name using the Save As menu
(Alt+F then A). Call the modified version REYNOLD2.BIO. You can edit the line
where the file name is displayed in the normal way with the arrow keys,
backspace, delete, etc. You might like a rest at this point: if so Quit
BioEdit by pressing F10. Otherwise, don't Quit, but go straight on to the
next Exercise.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 7

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 7


Exercise - Using the Edit menu

If you have just launched BioEdit then Open file REYNOLD2.BIO, otherwise it
will still be on the desktop and you can now edit it directly. When you press
Alt+E the drop-down part of the menu is revealed thus:

 Undo
 --------------
 Cut     Ctrl+X
 Copy    Ctrl+C
 Paste   Ctrl+V
 Clear   Ctrl+B
 --------------
 Show clipboard


We will first use the Cut, Copy, Paste and Clear functions. All of them can
be operated without the need to drop down the menu; you do this by holding
down a Ctrl key and pressing X, C, V or B. These keys are on the bottom row
of the keyboard, next to each other and are the same key combinations used by
many PC and Macintosh word-processors and editors to achieve the same result.
All four will only operate on selected text, so let's select some: if you
move down the biograph to 5 Dec 1837 there is a rather messy note on the next
line. You can either search for 5 Dec 1837 visually, or use Alt+S followed by
F to be prompted for what to find.

The messy line is:

(twins or unfamiliarity of Civil Register?)

Highlight everything in parenthesis by moving the cursor on to (  and then
hold down a shift key and use  to highlight all of the above. Now Cut the
highlighted text by holding down a Ctrl key and pressing X. The highlighted
text disappears from the window, but it has actually been copied to a
temporary storage place known as the Clipboard. If you would like to see
what's on the clipboard at any stage you should press Alt+E followed by S. If
you actually cut the above phrase then that is exactly what appears in the
clipboard window:

(twins or unfamiliarity of Civil Register?)

It is very instructive (for this exercise, at least) to keep the clipboard
window visible on the desktop while you work in the window labelled
REYNOLD2.BIO. The easiest way to do this is by pressing Alt+W followed by T
(tile). The Clipboard will take up one half of the desktop and REYNOLD2.BIO
the other half. You should find that the selected window is the bottom one,
but if not, press F5 (Next) to change the active window. Obviously, if the
Clipboard is NOT active then you cannot do anything with it, but BioEdit can.
Move down two lines and highlight the phrase:

Father's occupation: Labourer

Now Cut this phrase, using the Ctrl+X keys. You should see that, almost
simultaneously

Father's occupation: Labourer

disappears from the REYNOLD2.BIO window and reappears in the Clipboard
window. So, when you are about to Paste some text, a glance at the Clipboard
reminds you what you are pasting. Try that now. Leave the cursor where it is
and press Ctrl+V.

Father's occupation: Labourer

will reappear in its original place, BUT a copy of that phrase is still in
the Clipboard. Now move down seven lines and highlight the phrase:

Father's occupation: Bricklayer

This time, do not Cut the text, Copy it using Ctrl+C. The highlighting
remains and the biograph is unchanged. However, notice that a copy of:

Father's occupation: Bricklayer

now appears in the Clipboard. There are two modes of pasting: overtype or
insert. You have just done an insert, now try an overtype. Move up seven
lines and highlight the phrase:

Father's occupation: Labourer

Now, when you press Ctrl+V you will see that the highlighted phrase has been
replaced by a copy of the contents of the Clipboard and the highlighting has
disappeared. This is one process that can be Undone. Press Alt+E followed by
U and the phrase

Father's occupation: Labourer

will reappear. When Undo can be used it will appear normally in the Edit
drop-down menu, otherwise it is 'greyed-out' and nothing will happen. The
'greyed-out' look is applied to Cut, Copy and Clear when nothing is
highlighted. Paste is 'greyed-out' when the Clipboard is empty. You can empty
the Clipboard by F5 (Next) to select the Clipboard window, and then simply
press Delete to empty it. If you now press Alt+E you will see that Paste is
'greyed-out'.

The only Edit function you have not used is Clear. Highlight the phrase:

Father's occupation: Labourer

and then press Ctrl+B. The text disappears from the Biograph window BUT it
does not appear in the Clipboard window, which remains unchanged.


You have now seen for yourself that:

Cut         removes highlighted text and copies it to the clipboard
Copy        does not remove highlighted text, but copies it to the clipboard
Paste       overtypes or inserts the contents of the clipboard at the
            highlighted area or at the cursor
Clear       removes highlighted text and does not copy it to the clipboard


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 8

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 8


Now let's combine the Find operation with Cut and Paste. Return to the top of
the Biograph and use Replace  to locate the date:

Mon 11 Oct 1915


and replace it with:

Sun 11 Oct 1914        (Use the Calendar to check the day of the week)


The only option you should set in the Replace window is

[X] Prompt on replace


When you have done that the marriage is out of order in the biograph, so
highlight the two lines that detail this marriage:

42|Sun 11 Oct 1914|His daughter Dorothy Jane REYNOLDS married Ken
  |               |PACKMAN at Barham, Kent.  Ken aged 20; Dorothy aged 22.


and then Cut them using Ctrl+X. Check that what you wanted has been copied to
the clipboard window. Move up one line and press Ctrl+V and the contents of
the clipboard will be copied into the correct position in the biograph. The
only thing now wrong is the age, so change it to 41 by putting the cursor on
the 2 and then pressing the Insert key before you type 1. Notice that the
cursor changes to a flashing rectangle (to indicate overtype) as a result of
pressing Insert.

If you need a rest then press F10 and BioEdit will prompt you to save
REYNOLD2.BIO which has been modified. Otherwise close that file with key
sequence Alt+W followed by C and you will get a similar prompt.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 9

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 9


Change Directory Exercise

Now let's look at how you might read in biograph files from other directories
within your main directory. If you installed BioEdit from the disc provided
then it is likely that you are currently accessing directory C:\PEDIGREE or
C:\PAF. You will normally execute BioEdit from this directory by entering
BIOEDIT.

If you use key sequence Alt+F followed by C, you are presented with a
dialogue box like this:


 []Change Directory ͻ
                                               
   Directory name                              
    C:\PEDIGREE                                
                                               
   Directory tree                 Ŀ  
    Drives                          OK      
    C:\                         
      PEDIGREE                Ŀ  
        FAMILY.PED             Chdir     
          RESEARCH.PED            
          ROYALTY.PED           Ŀ  
          IGI.PED                Revert    
          OTHER.PED               
                                 Ŀ  
                                    Help     
                                    
 ͼ

The Change Directory dialogue box consists of an input box (reads C:\PEDIGREE
above), a list box, the standard OK and Help buttons, and two other buttons
(Chdir and Revert).

The Directory Name input box is where you type in the path of the new
directory. The Directory Tree list box enables you to navigate directories by
using the selecting bar and pressing Enter. If you are using the keyboard,
press Enter to make the selected directory be the current directory, then
choose OK or press Esc to exit the dialogue box.

 Ŀ
   Chdir   The Chdir button changes the current directory once
  you've selected or typed in a directory name.

 Ŀ
   Revert  The Revert button goes back to the previous directory
  as long as you have not yet exited the dialogue box.

Type in the path of your main directory (e.g. C:\PEDIGREE) and press Tab (not
Enter). You should get a tree display something like the above example. Use
the arrow keys to move the highlight on to your first sub-directory (shown
as FAMILY.PED above). If you now press key C, or click on [ Chdir ], the
tree diagram will change to indicate that, for example,
C:\PEDIGREE\FAMILY.PED is the currently logged directory. Be careful not to
hit Enter until you have visual confirmation of the change of directory,
because Enter is equivalent to [ OK ] and simply closes the dialogue box
without selecting the highlighted directory.

Now try opening some biograph files from the new directory you have just
selected. The quickest way to bring up a list of files with extension .BIO
is by pressing function key F4. The Open a File dialogue box contains an
input box, a file list, a file information panel, a [ Cancel ]  button and an
[ Open ] button , plus a history list that is attached to the Name input
box:

  Name Ŀ
                                  
 
The Name input box is where you enter the name of the file to load, or the
file-name mask to use as a filter for the Files list box (for example, *.*).

  Files Ŀ
                                  
   PIN0001.BIO     PIN0009.BIO       Files list box
   PIN0002.BIO     PIN0010.BIO   
   PIN0003.BIO     PIN0011.BIO   
   PIN0004.BIO     PIN0012.BIO   
   PIN0005.BIO     ..            
   PIN0006.BIO     \LETTERS      
   PIN0007.BIO     \TRNSCRIP     
   PIN0008.BIO     \REPLIES      
      
 

The Files list box lists (in two columns of eight) the names of files in the
current directory that match the file-name mask in the Name input box, plus
the parent directory and all sub-directories. You can move up and down a
column or across to another column by using the arrow keys or with a suitable
mouse click.

 Ŀ
  C:\PEDIGREE\MYFAMILY.PED\*.BIO             File information
  PIN0001.BIO   52    Oct 28,1993  12:00pm   panel
 

The File information panel (above) shows the path name, file name, size (in
Bytes), date, and time of the selected file. None of the items on this
information panel is selectable.

 Ŀ
    Open     The Open button opens a new window and
   places the selected file in that window.

 Ŀ
   Cancel    If you choose Cancel, nothing changes, no action
   occurs, and the dialogue box is put away.

N.B. Esc always cancels a dialogue box, even if a Cancel button does not
appear.

While you have the Open a file dialogue box visible, open three of your own
biograph files. If there are not three in your currently selected directory,
you can change to another data set by, for example, entering
C:\PEDIGREE\IGI.PED in the Name input box. This will bring up a list of all
files with the extension .BIO in the IGI data set. Notice that as you open
each file it covers completely covers the earlier ones opened. We are going
to deal with this problem in the next Exercise.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 10

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 10


Arrange Windows Exercise

The Window menu contains commands to close, move and perform other
window-management commands. Most of the windows in BioEdit have all the
standard window elements, including scroll bars, a close box, and zoom
icons.

You should have three biograph files open at this stage. Each is in its own
window and each window has the same dimensions and therefore completely
covers any earlier windows that were opened. You can reveal these other
windows by repeatedly pressing function key F5. Try that now and you will see
how it is possible to cycle through the open windows.

However, it is often much more useful to be able to refer to one window while
you are working in another. BioEdit facilitates such an arrangement and you
can set up windows as if each window was a 'tile' butting up against its
neighbour(s). If you have three windows open and you now use key sequence
Alt+W followed by T, you will get a tiled arrangement whereby each window
occupies the full width of the screen and about one third of its height. You
can still cycle through the windows, activating each in turn, by repeatedly
pressing F5.

If you now press F4 and open another biograph file, it will occupy the entire
screen and obscure the three tiled windows. Cure this by using key sequence
Alt+W followed by T and your will get this tiling arrangement:

 Ŀ
  1ͻ2Ŀ 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
  ͼ 
  3Ŀ4Ŀ 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
   
 

                  Tiled Windows

The alternative to tiled windows is often known as "Cascade", but is referred
to as Overlap in BioEdit. Use key sequence Alt+W followed by O and you will
get this arrangement:

 1Ŀ
 2Ŀ
 3Ŀ
 4ͻ
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
                                 
 ͼ

            Overlapped Windows

In the diagram above, window 4 is the active window and as it is smaller than
the other three their title bars are visible above and behind it. As before,
you can cycle through the windows using F5, but you can never refer to the
text in one window while working in another. For this reason, many people
prefer the tiled arrangement, but modify the sizes of the tiled windows to
suit themselves. This is the subject of the next exercise.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 11

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 11


Windows Resizing Exercise

Use key sequence Alt+W followed by S to change the size or position of the
active window. When you choose Size/Move, the active window moves in response
to the arrow keys. Once you've moved the window to where you want it, press
Enter. If you have a mouse you can move a window by dragging its title bar
with the mouse button held down.

If you press Shift while you use the arrow keys, you can change the size of
the active window. Once you've adjusted its size or position, press Enter. If
you have a mouse and if a window has a Resize corner,  then you can drag that
corner to resize the window and there is no need to use the Shift+Arrow Key
method.

Close one of your four windows now. (It does not matter which). Now open the
ASCII.BIO file supplied with BioEdit and Tile the four windows. Make
ASCII.BIO active (if it was not) and reduce its width so as to provide more
room for its horizontal neighbour. Now make this neighbour active and
increase its width so as to utilize the space you have just freed. This is
the sort of arrangement you might want to get back to quickly, so Save
desktop (remember how?) in order to be able to retrieve this rearranged
tiling at a later stage.

The active window should still be the one whose size you have just increased.
Use key sequence Alt+W followed by Z  (Zoom) to resize the active window to
the maximum size. This window will now occupy most of the screen. Notice that
it spoils your careful tiling arrangement, but you have two ways to restore
that. Now that the active window has been zoomed, you can choose this command
(Alt+W followed by Z) again to restore it to its previous size. If you have a
mouse, you can double-click (two clicks in quick succession) anywhere on the
window's title bar (except where an icon appears) to zoom or unzoom the
window.

Make sure that the active window is zoomed up to maximum size and then use
key sequence Alt+U followed by R to Retrieve desktop. Provided you saved the
desktop as indicated above, you should find that the four windows are tiled
exactly as they were when you did executed the Save desktop command.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 12

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 12


Utilities Exercise

There are now only five menu commands that have not been treated in this
tutorial. Four of them are in the Utilities menu which contains commands that
let you change Colours and Mouse default settings:

Mouse....

If you do not have a Mouse then the rest of this paragraph is irrelevant and
you should skip to the Palette...  heading. The key sequence Alt+U followed
by M executes the Mouse command that brings up the Mouse Options dialogue
box. In this box you can set various options that control how your mouse
works, including:

       how fast a double-click is
       which mouse button (right or left) is active

This dialogue box consists of one check box, one slider bar, and the standard
buttons OK and Cancel. The Mouse Double Click slider bar adjusts the
double-click speed of your mouse:

 Ŀ
  Mouse Double Click       
  Slow     Medium     Fast 
   
 

Reverse Mouse Buttons makes the right mouse button take on the normal
functions of the left--and vice versa. If you click in the box then it will
toggle from [X] (set)  to [ ] (unset).

 Ŀ
  [X] Reverse Mouse Buttons 
 


Palette..

The key sequence Alt+U followed by P brings up the Colours dialogue box,
where you can customize the colours of the display. The Colours dialogue box
consists of two list boxes, a text display area, the standard OK, Cancel, and
Help buttons, and one of the following:

 On colour and black-and-white systems, it also contains two colour
  palettes.
 On monochrome systems, it contains a set of radio buttons instead of the
  palettes.

The dialogue box is where you can change the colours of different parts of
this program. The Group list box contains the names of the different regions
of the program that you can customize.


  Group Ŀ
    Desktop          
    Menus            
    Dialogues        
    Editor           
    Calendar         
                     
                     
                     
 


When you select a group from the Group list, the Item list box displays the
names of the different views in that region.


  Item Ŀ
    Colour           
                     


On colour and black-and-white systems, you use the Foreground and Background
palettes to modify colours.

  Foreground     Background 
        
        
      
 

On monochrome systems, you use the colours set of radio buttons systems to
modify the character attributes.

  colours Ŀ
   () Mono low        
   ( ) Mono high       
   ( ) Mono underscore 
   ( ) Mono inverse    
 


On all systems, the display text (above the Help button) shows the current
colour or attribute settings. Changes do not take effect on the desktop until
you close the colours dialogue box by choosing OK.

 Ŀ
  Text Text Text 
  Text Text Text 
 


For this exercise you should simply try out the colour settings (and the
mouse) and learn what effect they have.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 13

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 13


DOS Shell Exercise

With the DOS Shell command, you can leave BioEdit temporarily to perform a
DOS command or run another program. Try it now. Use key sequence Alt+U
followed by D. On some Personal Computers there may not be sufficient memory
to run the DOS shell. If that is the case then you will get the message:

Type EXIT to return...

and then the BioEdit desktop will reappear. If you have sufficient memory
then the above message will stay on the screen and you can do any of the DOS
commands that you normally would. Try setting the system clock to British
Summer Time or Greenwich Mean Time, as appropriate. From the DOS prompt enter
TIME

This will generate a prompt such as:

Current time is 20:37:19.38
Enter new time: _


To move the clock back an hour all you need enter is:

19:37

Now enter time again and you will get a prompt such as:

Current time is 19:37:25.12
Enter new time: _

As the objective was simply to check that the time had been reset, all you
need do is press Enter to leave the reset time as it is. To return to
BioEdit, enter EXIT at the DOS prompt and you should see that the time now
displayed at screen top right agrees with your reset time.

It is highly unlikely that you will be doing this exercise on the day when
British Summer Time begins or ends, so use key sequence Alt+B followed by S
to return to the DOS shell and restore the time to its correct setting.

Finally, enter EXIT to return to BioEdit.


Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 14

Tutorial for BIOEDIT text editor part 14


Print Exercise

Use key sequence Alt+F followed by P. This will give you a prompt on the
penultimate line of the screen:

            File to Print? _

If you wish to print text that is currently displayed in an open window then
you need not enter the full path for the file. For example, if you had file
C:\PEDIGREE\BIOTUTOR.PED\C0021.BIO as the title of an open window, then all
you need enter is C0021.BIO. Make sure that you printer is connected,
switched on, and has been initialised. If you output C0021.BIO and find that
the border characters are not printing properly then the easiest remedy is to
change the border characters settings next time that you open the data set.


Finally, press F10 to quit the editor and end this tutorial.


END OF BIOEDIT TUTORIAL

