README.TXT -- Portugal, for FS5.
^^^^^^^^^^

Version 1 of BGLs with synthetic scenery and navaids, done with BGLGEN 0.3c,
and some designed scenery, done with BGLCOMP 1.0e, by Carlos Coimbra.

CONTENTS:
^^^^^^^^

PORTUGA-V.BGL   All land characteristics and elements done with BGLCOMP
PORTUGA-I.BGL   All elements done with BGLGEN

BONECO01.PT     Bitmap
RUNWAY00.R8     Replacement for standard soil/sand runway (see Credits below)
ARID.R8         Replacement for standard texture (from my FS5AR8V1.ZIP)
BURB.R8              "
BURB2.R8             "
BURB3.R8             "
CITY.R8              "
DESERT.R8            "
FARM.R8              "
MEDCITY.R8           "
PRARIE.R8            "
NEEDLE.R8       Replacement texture, *newer* than equivalent in my FS5AR8V1
SWAMP.R8             "

PORTUGAL.GIF    Outline of Portugal, showing location of principal navaids
PORTUGAL.TXT    This documentation file
PORTTECH.TXT    Technical documentation file: airports, navaids
FILE_ID.DIZ     PCBoard description

Place BGLs in the \scenery subdir.
Place R8s and BONECO01.PT in the \texture subdir.

I would have produced a single BGL, but both BGLGEN and BGLCOMP generate
some types of items that the other does not, so two BGLs is the minimum.
I have the slight feeling that some users are running out of disk space
from all the new textures that come with additional sceneries. So I tried
to make do with my modified stock scenery blocks (and saved myself a lot of 
work too!). R8s will replace others with the same name, so that any increase
in disk space is truly minimal. 
You may wish to save the original ones prior to making this change...

Remember that FS5(.0a) does not "see" beyond the first 128 BGLs in the
\scenery subdir!

If you use PORTUGAL, I also recommend that you obtain the complete 
FS5AR8V1.zip (from ftp.iup.edu, [anonymous.flight-sim.fs5.scenery], for 
instance), which is a collection of modified texture files (.R8s) as a 
replacement for the default FS5.0a; they are not strictly necessary, but 
since those are the textures which I am now using, the scenery may tend to 
look more homogeneous.
In order to obviate the need for users to obtain this, I have included here 
nine of those R8s (from ARID to PRARIE), which are practically essential for
a proper display with what I deem to be adequate color balancing.
The use of the textures in FS5AR8V1 will also improve other sceneries and
even the default FS5 appearance. 
In addition, it allows for optimum use of FS5AWINT.zip, which is my "winter"
palette (also available at ftp.iup.edu, same dir.).

I have not yet produced a version 2 (FS5AR8V2), because it is not really
required. However, while doing Portugal, I made minor improvements to two
textures contained in version 1, and you should use NEEDLE and SWAMP as
included here, superseding those from FS5AR8V1.

COMPATIBILITY:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Scenery matches EURBGL II (by Hans van Wijhe) and uses some of its navaids.
The Lisbon and Faro airports you will see are from EURBGL.

Unknown compatibility with commercial EUROPE 1.


CREDITS:
^^^^^^^

BGLGEN is a synthetic scenery compiler, not a true designer like ASD for FS4.
Its author is Enno Borgsteede, CIS 72763,311, Amsterdam, and I hereby present
my Dank U Wel to him and welcome his comments. Its output is restricted to the 
scenery building blocks which come with FS5.
Presumably because of FS5's built-in restrictions, BGLGEN does not allow you 
to put up hills of particular heights, only generic low and high hills.

BGLCOMP is a scenery-designing compiler, authored by Hiroo Umeno, of San
Diego, California, USA, CIS 72144,2631. His work also leaves me with respect
and admiration. I believe that he is also the creator of BMP2R8.

Olivier Briot, Montpllier, France, has made it a habit of developing tools 
which make it easier for people to learn how to use both of the above, and 
has also produced a tutorial document on BGLCOMP. I thank him for his 
efforts in this field.

Bill Roccia of Philadelphia put together the package which allows us to
transform bitmaps into "paintable" BMP files; without it, I lot of what
we do would not be possible. Thanks, Bill!

RUNWAY00.R8 is a replacement for the soil runway texture. It is the result
of excellent work by Peter Schfer and came with his Austria scenery. Its
inclusion here is authorized by Peter, to whom goes my appreciation. I also
encourage others to obtain his Austria scenery and his future works.

Portugal's runways were initially positioned in a BGLGEN'd file of the
same name by my friend Jos Carlos Monteiro of Lisbon (the "j" is pronounced
as in French, not as in Spanish). There was no terrain in this BGL, so they
all had been placed at an altitude of zero, along with some NDBs. JCM's
contribution was invaluable in that he provided me with airfield documentation
from the Portuguese authorities. After I had micro-managed land profiles
and, in order to set up displaced thresholds, transferred runways to BGLCOMP
format and tweaked some parameters, Jos Carlos (who's pretty fussy himself)
practically insisted on calculating correct VASI displacements, so I "let"
him. He was also instrumental in doing the initial calculations for the
positioning of Porto's TDZLs. I have the feeling that he may have gone as 
high as the Minister of Transport, in his absolutely dogged endeavors to 
obtain the most current info available and all his efforts and interest are 
deeply felt and thanked.


SCENERY REMARKS:
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The defined limits in the BGLs are North 35 to 45, West 5 to 10.

The Iberian peninsula's western "edge" on the standard FS5(.0a) only extends 
to approximately 8 26' West, thus leaving more than one full degree as open 
sea. The present scenery supplies the missing "land" and most civilian 
airports.

In order to provide continuity, I also had to cover some Spanish land. For
simplicity's sake and for technical reasons I chose the eastern limit of 
incursion to be a meridian along 5 37' 30". The Spanish coastline has been 
rendered accurately in western Galiza and southwestern Andaluzia, but the 
remainder is only approximate. Spanish airfields, urban areas and bodies of 
water are not included, because they are beyond the scope of this work. 
I hope that one or more of the several fltsimmers/designers from Spain will 
one day have some fun doing their home country, and they are invited to 
contact me if that would necessitate alterations to my BGLs.

This Portugal scenery is mostly synthetic. It uses some EURBGL II navaids and
adds several others. 
The Lisbon and Faro airports are from EUR and have been left unaltered, with 
the exception of the addition of correctly-positioned outer markers in Lisbon.
Unfortunately, the Faro land area has some viewing problems, of the now-you-
-see-it-now-you-don't kind. The Lisbon area's outline is fairly inaccurate 
in EUR (particularly south of the Tagus river). I have attempted to patch it 
up a bit, rather than doing it from scratch and requiring users to drop the 
popular EUR II. The Tagus river shows a bit of an interruption between its 
estuary (EUR II) and its representation in this scenery. 
You're no sorrier than I am, I guarantee you, and if I ever discover how to 
overlay some of the EUR contents, it'll be done.

The major airport at Porto is all done here with BGLCOMP, and was my first 
attempt at such head-breaking work, including an alternately flashing 
refueling spot panel, advertising Portugal's national airline and petroleum
company.

The pertinent data were taken from Tactical Pilotage Charts TPC G-1A and F-1D,
from the applicable Flight Information Supplement and from the few available 
IAPs. All the other materials re. runway measurements, markers, lights and 
placement, additional navaids and even photos were supplied by the afore-
mentioned Jos Carlos Monteiro.

See PORTTECH.TXT for the technical details.

Probable future enhancements: All civilian airports, military airfields,
more designed scenery (as opposed to synthetic) and dynamic scenery.

                        ----------  XXX  -----------

Portugal? What's Portugal? One of the quotes from a (Portuguese...) poet is
"The country that gave new worlds to the world", in reference to the disco-
veries of the Portuguese navigators of the 15th century.

That was a long time ago, and now Portugal is only a minor member of the
European Union. It still has its own language (not to be confused with
Spanish) which it carried many years before into Brazil and what are now
independent countries in Africa and in the Atlantic Ocean.

However, Brazilian soap operas are now pervasive on the three TV networks,
and the influence/dominance is reversed. This has nothing to do with flight
simulators, but bear in mind that if you "fly" over the southwestern tip
of Portugal, you are visiting the place where Prince Henry (the Navigator)
set up his sailing and charting school (not even a 286 in sight), and from
where men (some would say those who had nothing to lose) sailed away without
any idea as to where they would end up; worse yet, the only thing they "knew"
at first, was that if they weren't careful, they would fall off the edge
of the Earth... Sort of makes video card problems seem small...


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